原标题：考研英语时文赏读（8）：自动化或将给作业带来巨大冲击
摘要：考研英语作为一门考研公共课，虽然咱们都学了英语十几年，却仍常常有总分过线挂在英语上的状况，因而英语温习不单单是单词、做题。阅览作为考研英语的大头，仅仅做考研真题或许无法满意你的阅览量，因而咱们每周定时推出一篇英文美文，这些文章都与考研英语阅览同源，多读必有优点。
Within many workers’ lifetimes, jobs will be radically altered by automation. And, according to one of the world’s biggest international coalitions, it’s time to develop a plan B.
不少工人将会眼睁睁的看着自己的作业为自动化所替代。并且世界上最大的一个世界联合安排表明，现在是时分敞开B方案了。
A recent employment outlook from the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD), a coalition consisting of 36 countries across the world, said that within the next two decades half of all jobs will be substantially transformed by technology.
作为一个包括36个成员国的世界联合安排，经济合作与开展安排（OECD）最近发布了一份作业远景猜测陈述，陈述里表明在接下来的20年里，一半的作业将会由于科技的开展而发生巨变。
In some cases, that will mean workers losing their jobs outright -- the OECD estimates 14 percent of jobs will be completely automated in the next two decades -- while others, 32 percent of jobs, will be vastly different from what they look like now.
在某种状况下这就意味着有些工人会直接面对赋闲——OECD猜测14%的工种在接下来的20年里完全完成自动化——而别的还有32%的作业则会面对转型，跟现在的形式相去甚远。
Whether jobs are transformed or lost completely to the advance of technology, the OECD says one question rises above all others: are we ready?
不论科技的开展带来的是作业的转型仍是该工种的完全消失，OECD表明现在最重要的问题是：咱们预备好了吗？
“The OECD Employment Outlook does not envisage a jobless future. But it does foresee major challenges for the future of work,”said OECD Secretary-General Angel Gurría, in a statement.
OECD秘书长安吉拉·古里亚在一次发言中谈到：“这份作业远景陈述并不是设想了一个不存在任何作业的未来。仅仅猜测了未来作业将会面对严重应战。”
While many jobs will be changed or eliminated, the OECD says that the shift won’t necessarily equate to less overall jobs for workers. With new and improved technology, also comes new and skilled jobs.
OECD还表明虽然不少作业会发生变化或消失，可是这种改变不一定就意味着今后工人的作业挑选越来越少。跟着科技的不断前进和新科技的不断涌现，也会呈现一批新的作业岗位。
Automation may even create jobs in the short term, say some analysts. The problem, says the organization, is ensuring that current workers are equipped to transition into those jobs now and in the future.
一些剖析人员解说，从短时间来看自动化甚至会发明作业岗位。OECD以为问题在于保证现在的工人能够具有应对未来作业转型的本质和技术。
To ensure that workers eclipsed by robots and other technology can pivot into a new career, the OECD says that a robust adult training program is critical. That may involve not only training older workers but also removing the financial burdens of their endeavors through subsidies.
为了保证那些被机器人和其他科技取而代之的工人能够顺畅转型进入新的作业岗位，OECD表明进行健旺有用的成人训练项目非常重要。这个项目不只涉及到对成人职工进行训练，还要减轻他们补助方面的经济压力。
In some cases, to ease the economic impact of mass automation, forward-thinking policy makers and recently, one U.S. presidential hopeful, has proposed what is known as a Universal Basic Income -- government provided income given to all citizens regardless of circumstance.
为了缓解自动化遍地生花带来的经济压力，最近一位具有远见的美国总统候选人在竞选时提出了“遍及根本收入”——那就是不论什么状况，政府都会保证每位公民根本的补助收入。
This money, say proponents, would allow workers to undergo additional training for new jobs and ease unrest in the case of substantial job loss. Opponents say the stipend would just disincentivize work all together. The OECD is clear that nothing is set in stone. Even with a rapidly changing economy and the forward march of technology, all we need is a plan.
支持者表明这份根本收入补助不只让赋闲者能够参与新作业所需的才能训练，还能缓解他们在赋闲状态下的经济压力。而反对者则以为这种方针补助只会让咱们无心作业，不求上进。OECD表明一切都是不知道。不论经济开展怎么敏捷，科技怎么前进，咱们需求的是一个应对方案。
“With the right policies, we can manage these challenges. We face significant transformation, but we have the opportunity and the determination to use this moment and build a future of work that benefits everyone,”said Gurria.
古里亚说道：“只需有一个正确妥当的方针领导，咱们就能够成功战胜这些应战。咱们的确面对着重要的转型时期，可是咱们还有时机，也有这份决计去利用好这个转型期，建造一个谋福于所有人的作业未来”。
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